30% yemagetsi epasi rose anobva kusimba rinowanikwazve, uye China yakaita mupiro wakakura

Kuvandudzwa kwesimba repasi rose kuri kusvika pamharadzano dzakakomba.

Musi wa8 Chivabvu, maererano neshumo ichangoburwa kubva kupasi rose simba rekufunga tank Ember: Muna 2023, nekuda kwekukura kwezuva nemhepo.

kugadzirwa kwemagetsi, renewable energy kugadzirwa kuchaita 30% isati yamboitika yekugadzirwa kwemagetsi pasi rose.

2023 inogona kuve yakakosha shanduko kana kabhoni inobuda muindasitiri yemagetsi yakakwira.

“Ramangwana resimba rinowanikwazve ravepo.Simba rezuva, kunyanya, riri kufambira mberi nekukurumidza kupfuura chero munhu angafungidzira.Emissions

kubva kuchikamu chemagetsi chingangowedzera muna 2023 - shanduko huru munhoroondo yesimba. "Ember Global Musoro weInsights Dave Jones akadaro.

Yang Muyi, muongorori mukuru wezvemagetsi kuEmber, akati pari zvino, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi ezuva nemhepo kwakanyanyisa

China uye hupfumi hwakabudirira.Zvinonyanya kukosha kutaura kuti China ichaita mupiro wakakura kumhepo yepasi rose uye

Kukura kwesimba remagetsi ezuva muna 2023. Kugadzirwa kwayo kutsva kwesimba rezuva kwakaverengera 51% yehuwandu hwepasi rose, uye mhepo yayo nyowani.

simba rakaita 60%.Simba reChina nemhepo simba resimba uye kukura kwekugadzira magetsi kucharamba kuri pamazinga akakwirira

mumakore anotevera.

Chirevo chinoratidza kuti uyu mukana usati wamboitika kune nyika dzinosarudza kuve pamberi pekuchenesa.

simba ramangwana.Kuwedzera kwemagetsi kwakachena hakungobatsiri chete decarbonize chikamu chemagetsi kutanga, asi zvakare kupa iyo inowedzera

kupa kunodiwa kuisa magetsi kuhupfumi hwose, iyo ichava simba rinoshandura zvechokwadi mukurwisana nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.

Inosvika makumi mana muzana emagetsi epasi rose anobva kumagetsi akaderera-kabhoni

Chirevo che "2024 Global Electricity Review" chakaburitswa naEmber chakavakirwa pamaseti edata renyika dzakawanda (kusanganisira data kubva ku

International Energy Agency, Eurostat, United Nations nemadhipatimendi akasiyana-siyana enyika), achipa a

Kutarisisa kwakadzama kwehurongwa hwesimba repasi rose muna 2023. Chirevo ichi chinobata nyika huru makumi masere pasi rose,

inoverengera 92% yemagetsi epasi rose anodiwa, uye nhoroondo yedata re215 nyika.

Sekureva kwemushumo, muna 2023, nekuda kwekukura kwesimba resolar nemhepo, pasi rose renewable simba rekugadzira magetsi.

ichazvidavirira kupfuura 30% kekutanga.Inenge 40% yemagetsi epasi rose anobva kune yakaderera-kabhoni magetsi masosi,

kusanganisira simba renyukireya.Kusimba kweCO2 yekugadzirwa kwemagetsi epasi rose kwasvika pazasi, 12% pazasi pepamusoro payo muna 2007.

Simba reSolar ndiro sosi huru yekukura kwemagetsi muna 2023 uye chiratidzo chekuvandudzwa kwesimba rekuvandudza.Muna 2023,

kugadzirwa kwesimba rezuva kutsva kwepasi rose kuchapfuura kaviri kupfuura marasha.Simba rezuva rakachengeta nzvimbo yaro

senzvimbo inokurumidza kukura yemagetsi kwegore rechi19 rakatevedzana uye yakakunda mhepo senzvimbo huru itsva

magetsi kwegore rechipiri rakatevedzana.Muna 2024, kugadzirwa kwesimba rezuva kunotarisirwa kusvika pakakwirira.

Chirevo chakataura kuti iyo yakawedzerwa yekuchenesa huwandu muna 2023 ingadai yakakwana kudzikisa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi efossil

ne1.1%.Zvakadaro, kusanaya kwemvura munzvimbo zhinji dzepasi mugore rapfuura kwakasunda kugadzirwa kwemagetsi emvura

kusvika pamwero wayo wakaderera mumakore mashanu.Kushaikwa kwesimba remagetsi emvura kwakagadziridzwa nekuwedzera kwekugadzira marasha, izvo zvave

zvakakonzera kuwedzera kwe1% mukuburitswa kwesimba repasi rose.Muna 2023, 95% yekukura kwemagetsi emarasha ichaitika mune ina

nyika dzakakanganiswa zvakanyanya nekusanaya kwemvura: China, India, Vietnam neMexico.

Yang Muyi akati apo nyika inokoshesa kuwedzera kuchinangwa chekusarerekera kabhoni, hupfumi hwakawanda huri kusimukira.

vari kukurumidza uye kuyedza kubata.Brazil muenzaniso wekare.Nyika, nhoroondo yaivimba nemagetsi emvura,

yave ichishanda zvakanyanya mukusiyanisa nzira dzayo dzekugadzira magetsi mumakore achangopfuura.Gore rakapera, mhepo uye simba rezuva

yakaverengera 21% yekugadzirwa kwemagetsi muBrazil, zvichienzaniswa ne3.7% chete muna 2015.

Africa zvakare ine yakakura isina kushandiswa yakachena simba simba sezvo iri musha wechikamu chechishanu chehuwandu hwepasi rose uye ine solar yakakura

zvinogona, asi nharaunda parizvino inokwezva chete 3% yepasi rose simba rekudyara.

Kubva pakuona kwekudiwa kwesimba, kudiwa kwemagetsi epasi rose kuchakwira kusvika parekodhi muna 2023, nekuwedzera kwe

627TWh, yakaenzana neCanada yese inoda.Nekudaro, kukura kwepasi rose muna 2023 (2.2%) kuri pazasi peavhareji munguva pfupi yapfuura

makore, nekuda kwekuderera kwakanyanya kwekudiwa munyika dzeOECD, kunyanya United States (-1.4%) neEuropean

Mubatanidzwa (-3.4%).Kusiyana neizvi, kudiwa muChina kwakakura nekukurumidza (+ 6.9%).

Inopfuura hafu yekukura kwemagetsi kudiwa muna 2023 ichauya kubva kune mashanu matekinoroji: mota dzemagetsi, kupisa pombi,

electrolysers, air conditioning uye data centers.Kupararira kwehunyanzvi uhu kuchawedzera kudiwa kwemagetsi

kukura, asi nekuti kuiswa kwemagetsi kunoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura mafuta efossil, kudiwa kwesimba rose kunodonha.

Nekudaro, chirevo chakaratidzawo kuti nekukasira kwekuiswa kwemagetsi, kudzvanywa kwakaunzwa nehunyanzvi.

sehungwaru hwekugadzira huri kuwedzera, uye kudiwa kwefiriji kwakawedzera.Zvinotarisirwa kuti

kudiwa kuchakurumidza mune ramangwana, izvo zvinomutsa mubvunzo wemagetsi akachena.Chiyero chekukura chinogona kusangana ne

kukura mukudiwa kwemagetsi?

Chinhu chakakosha mukukura kwemagetsi kudiwa ndeye air conditioning, iyo inozoverengera ingangoita 0.3%

yekushandiswa kwemagetsi pasi rose muna 2023. Kubva 2000, kukura kwayo kwegore negore kwave kwakadzikama pa4% (kukwira ku5% ne2022).

Nekudaro, kusashanda zvakanaka kunoramba kuri dambudziko rakakura nekuti, kunyangwe paine gaka remutengo diki, maairconditioner mazhinji anotengeswa

pasi rose inongova hafu inoshanda seruzivo rwechizvino-zvino.

Nzvimbo dzeData zvakare dzinoita basa rakakosha mukufambisa kudiwa kwepasirese, zvichibatsira zvakanyanya kukuda kwemagetsi kukura mukati

2023 semhepo inogadzirisa (+90 TWh, +0.3%).Neavhareji gore negore kukura kwesimba kudiwa munzvimbo idzi kusvika pedyo

17% kubvira 2019, kushandisa mamiriro-e-the-art ekutonhodza masisitimu anogona kuvandudza dhata centre simba rekuita neinenge 20%.

VaYang Muyi vakati kubata nekukura kuri kuita kudiwa kwemagetsi nderimwe rematambudziko makuru akatarisana neshanduko yemagetsi pasi rose.

Kana iwe ukafunga nezvekuwedzera kudiwa kunobva kuindasitiri ye decarbonizing kuburikidza nemagetsi, magetsi

kukura kwekuda kuchave kwakanyanya.Kuti magetsi akachena asangane nekukura kuri kudiwa kwemagetsi, pane maviri akakosha magiya:

kukurumidza kukura kwesimba rinodzokororwa uye kuvandudza kushanda kwesimba mukati meiyo kukosha cheni (kunyanya mukubuda

tekinoroji maindasitiri ane kudiwa kwemagetsi kwakanyanya).

Kushanda kwemagetsi kunonyanya kukosha mukuzadzisa kudiwa kuri kukura kwesimba rakachena.Pa28th United Nations Climate

Shandura Musangano muDubai, vatungamiriri vepasi rose vakavimbisa kuwedzera kaviri pagore rekugadzirisa simba rekushandisa panosvika 2030. Izvi

kuzvipira kwakakosha pakuvaka remangwana rakachena remagetsi sezvo richizorerutsira kudzvanya pane grid.

Nguva itsva yekuderera kwehutsi kubva muindasitiri yemagetsi ichatanga

Ember inofanotaura kuderera kudiki kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi efossil muna 2024, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwakakura mumakore anotevera.

Kukura kwekuda muna 2024 kunotarisirwa kunge kwakakwira kupfuura muna 2023 (+968 TWh), asi kukura mukugadzirwa kwesimba rakachena kuri

inotarisirwa kuve yakakura (+1300 TWh), zvichikonzera kudzikira kwe2% mukugadzirwa kwemafuta epasi rose (-333 TWh).Zvinotarisirwa

kukura mumagetsi akachena kwakapa vanhu chivimbo chekuti nguva itsva yekudonha kwemhepo kubva kumagetsi emagetsi

ndoda kutanga.

Mumakore gumi apfuura, kutumirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi akachena, achitungamirwa nemagetsi ezuva nemhepo, kwakaderedza kukura.

yefossil fuel kugadzirwa kwesimba rinosvika zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu.Somugumisiro, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi efossil muhafu yeupfumi hwenyika

yakapfuura makore mashanu apfuura.Nyika dzeOECD dziri kutungamira, nekuburitswa kwemagetsi kwechikamu

yakakwira muna 2007 uye ichidonha ne28% kubva ipapo.

Mumakore gumi anotevera, shanduko yesimba ichapinda padanho idzva.Parizvino, fossil kushandiswa kwemafuta muchikamu chemagetsi chepasi rose

inosungirwa kuramba ichidzikira, zvichikonzera kuderera kwehutsi kubva muchikamu.Mumakore gumi anotevera, kuwedzera mukuchena

magetsi, anotungamirwa nesolar nemhepo, anotarisirwa kupfuudza kukura kwekudiwa kwesimba uye nekudzikisa zvinobudirira kushandiswa kwemafuta.

uye emissions.

Izvi zvakakosha pakuzadzisa zvinangwa zvepasi rose zvekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.Kuongorora kwakawanda kwakawana kuti chikamu chemagetsi

inofanira kunge iri yekutanga kuita decarbonise, nechinangwa ichi chakagadzwa kuti chizadzikiswe muna 2035 munyika dzeOECD uye 2045 mu

zororo renyika.

Chikamu chemagetsi parizvino chine yakanyanya kuburitsa kabhoni pane chero indasitiri, ichigadzira zvinopfuura chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chesimba rine chekuita nesimba

CO2 kuburitsa.Haisi chete inogona kuchenesa magetsi kutsiva mafossil anoshandiswa pari zvino mumotokari nemabhazi injini, boilers, mavira.

uye mamwe maapplication, zvakare kiyi yekubvisa carbonizing kutakura, kudziyisa uye akawanda maindasitiri.Kumhanyisa shanduko

toa yakachena electrified economy inosundwa nemhepo, solar uye mamwe magetsi akachena anozosimudzira hupfumi panguva imwe chete

kukura, kuwedzera basa, kuvandudza kunaka kwemhepo uye kuwedzera simba rekutonga, kuwana mabhenefiti akawanda.

Uye kukurumidza kudonha kwehutsi kunoenderana nekuti nekukurumidza kwakachena simba kuvakwa sei.Nyika yasvika pakubvumirana pane

hurongwa hunodiwa hunodiwa kuderedza utsi.Pamusangano weUnited Nations Climate Change (COP28) muna Zvita wapfuura,

vatungamiri venyika vasvika pachibvumirano chenhoroondo chekupeta katatu pasi rose renewable renewable simba rekugadzira panosvika 2030. Chinangwa chichaunza

mugove wepasi rose wemagetsi anogona kudzokororwa kusvika pa60% panosvika 2030, zvinenge nehafu zvinobuda muindasitiri yemagetsi.Vatungamiri zvakare

yakabvumirana paCOP28 kuti iwedzere simba remagetsi pagore panosvika 2030, izvo zvakakosha pakuona kugona kwakazara kwekuiswa kwemagetsi.

uye kudzivirira kutiza kukura mukudiwa kwemagetsi.

Nepo mhepo uye kugadzirwa kwesimba rezuva kuri kukura nekukurumidza, kuchengetedza kwesimba uye grid tekinoroji zvingarambe zviripo?Apo iyo

chikamu chemagetsi emagetsi anovandudzwa chinowedzera kuwedzera, maitiro ekuona kugadzikana uye kuvimbika kwesimba

chizvarwa?Yang Muyi akataura kuti kubatanidza huwandu hukuru hwesimba rinogona kudzokororwa nekushanduka-shanduka kwekugadzira simba mu

simba system Kuronga kwakanaka uye kubatanidza grid kunodiwa, nekutarisa pane simba system kuchinjika.Kuchinja-chinja

inova yakakosha pakuenzanisa grid kana chizvarwa chinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze, semhepo uye solar, chinopfuura kana kudonha.

pasi pesimba rinodiwa.

Kukwirisa simba system kuchinjika kunosanganisira kuita akati wandei mazano, kusanganisira kuvaka magetsi ekuchengetedza magetsi,

kusimbisa zvivakwa zvegridi, kudzamisa shanduko pamusika wemagetsi, uye kukurudzira kudiwa-kudivi kutora chikamu.

Muchinjikwa-regional kurongeka kwakakosha zvakanyanya kuti ive nechokwadi chekugovanisa kwakaringana kwezvakasara uye zvakasara kugona ne

matunhu akavakidzana.Izvi zvinoderedza kudiwa kwehuwandu hwenzvimbo.Semuenzaniso, India iri kuita kubatanidza musika

nzira dzekuona kugovera kwakanaka kwekugadzira magetsi kunzvimbo dzinodiwa, kusimudzira grid yakagadzikana uye

kushandiswa kwakakwana kwesimba rinodzorerwa kuburikidza nenzira dzemusika.

Chirevo chinonongedza kuti nepo mamwe smart grid uye bhatiri matekinoroji atove epamberi uye akaiswa kwairi

chengetedza kugadzikana kwekugadzirwa kwesimba rakachena, kumwe kutsvagisa mukati menguva refu yekuchengetedza matekinoroji kuchiri kudikanwa

kuwedzera kushanda uye kushanda zvakanaka kweremangwana rakachena magetsi masisitimu.

China inoita basa rakakosha

Ongororo yeshumo inoratidza kuti kukurumidza kuvandudzwa kwesimba rinowanikwazve: inoshuvira hurumende yepamusoro-soro.

zvinangwa, nzira dzekukurudzira, zvirongwa zvinoshanduka uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha zvinogona kukurudzira kukurumidza kukura kwezuva nemhepo

kugadzirwa kwemagetsi.

Chirevo ichi chakanangana nekuongorora mamiriro ezvinhu muChina: China inoita basa rakakosha mukusimudzira shanduko yesimba repasi rose.

China ndiye mutungamiri wepasi rose mukugadzirwa kwemhepo uye simba rezuva, ine chizvarwa chakakura kwazvo uye chepamusoro pagore

kukura mumakore anopfuura gumi.Iri kuwedzera mhepo uye kugadzirwa kwesimba rezuva pabreakneck speed, kushandura iyo

hurongwa hwemasimba makuru pasi rose.Muna 2023 chete, China ichapa chikamu chinodarika hafu yesimba idzva remhepo uye solar

chizvarwa, chinoverengera 37% yepasi rose kugadzirwa kwesimba rezuva nemhepo.

Kukura kwehutsi kubva kuchikamu chemagetsi cheChina kwakadzikira mumakore achangopfuura.Kubva 2015, kukura mumhepo uye simba rezuva

muChina yakaita basa rakakosha kuchengetedza kuburitswa kwemagetsi kubva kuchikamu chemagetsi chenyika pasi pe20% pane zvavaizoita.

zvimwe iva.Nekudaro, kunyangwe kukura kwakakosha kweChina musimba rakachena resimba, simba rakachena rinongovhara 46% chete.

yemagetsi matsva anodiwa muna 2023, nemarasha achiri kuvhara 53%.

2024 richava gore rinonetsa kuti China isvike pamusoro pezvinobuda muindasitiri yemagetsi.Nekuda kwekukurumidza uye chiyero

yeChina chekuvaka simba rakachena, kunyanya mhepo uye simba rezuva, China inogona kunge yatosvika panhongonya ye

magetsi echikamu chemagetsi muna 2023 kana achasvika ichi chiitiko muna 2024 kana 2025.

Pamusoro pezvo, nepo China yakaita nhanho huru mukugadzira simba rakachena uye kuisa magetsi hupfumi hwayo, matambudziko

ramba uripo sekusimba kwekabhoni yekugadzirwa kwemagetsi kuChina kunoramba kuri pamusoro peavhareji yepasi rose.Izvi zvinoratidzira

kudikanwa kwenhamburiko dzinopfuuridzirwa dzokuwedzera simba rakachena.

Tichipesana nemamiriro ezvinhu epasi rose, budiriro yeChina muchikamu chemagetsi iri kuumba mafambiro epasirese.tion

kuchenesa simba.Kukurumidza kukura kwemhepo uye simba rezuva kwakaita kuti China ive mutambi akakosha mukupindura kwepasi rose kudambudziko remamiriro ekunze.

Muna 2023, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi ezuva nemhepo kuChina kuchaita 37% yemagetsi epasi rose, uye kupiswa kwemarasha.

kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kuchaita inopfuura hafu yesimba renyika.Muna 2023, China ichaverengera zvimwe

inopfuura hafu yemhepo itsva yenyika uye simba rezuva.Pasina kukura kwemhepo uye simba rezuva

kubvira 2015, kuburitswa kwemagetsi eChina kungadai kwakawedzera ne21% muna 2023.

Christina Figueres, aimbove Munyori Mukuru weUNFCCC, akati: “Nguva yemafuta efossil yasvika panguva yakakodzera uye isingadzivisiki.

kuguma, sekujekesa zvinobuda mushumo.Iyi inguva yakakosha yekuchinja: zana rekupedzisira Yakapera tekinoroji iyo inogona kwete

kureba kukwikwidzana neiyo exponential innovation uye inodonha mutengo curve yesimba rinowanikwazve uye kuchengetedza kuchaita zvese

isu nenyika yatinogara pairi zviri nani nokuda kwayo.”