Zvinhu zvisina kunaka pakuitisa current zvinodanwainsulators, uye insulators anonziwo dielectrics.

Vane yakanyanyisa resistivity.Tsanangudzo ye insulator: Zvinhu zvisingaite magetsi zviri nyore zvinodanwa

insulators.Hapana miganhu yakakwana pakatiinsulatorsuye conductors.

Features

Hunhu hwema insulators ndehwekuti machaji akanaka uye asina kunaka mumamorekuru akasungwa zvakasimba,

uye kune mashoma mashoma akachaja particles anogona kufamba akasununguka.Iyo macroscopic ikozvino inoumbwa ne

kufamba kunoonekwa sechinhu chisiri-conductive.

Conductivity

Iko conductivity ye insulator inotarirwa nemaitiro emaerekitironi muchinhu.Maitiro e

maerekitironi mukristaro zvinoenderana nesimba bhendi chimiro.Chinhu chine conduction isina chinhu

bhendi uye yakazara valence bhendi insulator.Musiyano wesimba pakati pepasi pe conduction band

uye pamusoro pevalence bhendi (bhendi Kana simba remagetsi rakakura, harifambisi magetsi pasi pe

yakajairika magetsi munda.Nokuti zvinhu ane diki simba gwanza, kunyange vari insulators kana tembiricha

yakadzikira, kana tembiricha ichiwedzera, maerekitironi evalence band anofara kune conduction band, uye

achaitawo magetsi.Uyezve, kana maerekitironi kana maburi pamusoro kusachena pamwero ari bhendi gap vari

kufara kune conduction bhendi kana valence bhendi, ichaitawo magetsi.

Simba remunda wemagetsi

Solid insulators yakakamurwa kuva marudzi maviri: crystalline uye amorphous.Iyo insulator chaiyo haina zvachose

non-conductive.Pasi pechiito chesimba remagetsi rakasimba, zvikwereti zvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka mukati me insulator

ichasununguka uye ive yemahara miripo, uye iyo insulation performance ichaparadzwa.Chiitiko ichi

inonzi dielectric breakdown.Iyo yakanyanya simba remagetsi remumunda iyo dielectric material inogona kumira inonzi

simba rekuparara kwemunda.