Iyi tekinoroji yekuchengetedza simba yakahwina 2022 EU Yakanakisa Innovation Mubairo, yakachipa nguva makumi mana kupfuura lithium-ion bhatiri.

Kupisa kwesimba rekuchengetedza uchishandisa silicon uye ferrosilicon sepakati inogona kuchengetedza simba nemutengo usingasviki 4 euros pakilowatt-awa, inova ka100.

yakachipa kupfuura ikozvino yakagadziriswa lithium-ion bhatiri.Mushure mekuwedzera mudziyo uye insulation layer, mutengo wakakwana unogona kunge ungangoita gumi euros pa kilowatt-awa,

iyo yakachipa zvakanyanya kupfuura lithium bhatiri ye400 euros pa kilowatt-awa.

Kugadzira simba rinogoneka, kuvaka masisitimu emagetsi matsva uye kutsigira kuchengetedza kwesimba ndicho chipingamupinyi chinofanira kukurirwa.

Iyo kunze-kwe-iyo-bhokisi chimiro chemagetsi uye kushata kwesimba rinodzokororwa kugadzirwa senge photovoltaic uye simba remhepo rinogadzira kupihwa uye kudiwa.

yemagetsi dzimwe nguva isingaenderani.Parizvino, mutemo wakadaro unogona kugadziriswa nemarasha uye gasi remagetsi ekugadzira kana hydropower kuti uwane kugadzikana.

uye kuchinjika kwesimba.Asi mune ramangwana, nekubviswa kwefossil simba uye kuwedzera kwesimba rinodzokororwa, yakachipa uye inoshanda kuchengetedza simba.

configuration ndiyo kiyi.

Tekinoroji yekuchengetedza magetsi inonyanya kukamurwa kuita simba rekuchengetedza simba, electrochemical simba rekuchengetedza, kupisa kwesimba rekuchengetedza uye kemikari simba rekuchengetedza.

Zvakadai semagetsi ekuchengetedza simba uye chengetedzo yekupombi ndeyemagetsi ekuchengetedza simba tekinoroji.Iyi nzira yekuchengetedza simba ine mutengo wakaderera uye

kutendeseka kwepamusoro, asi purojekiti yakakura, inomanikidzwa nenzvimbo yenzvimbo, uye nguva yekuvaka zvakare yakareba kwazvo.Zvakaoma ku

enderana nepamusoro pekuveura kudiwa kwesimba rinodzokororwa chete nepombi yekuchengetedza.

Parizvino, electrochemical simba rekuchengetedza rakakurumbira, uye zvakare ndiyo inokurumidza kukura nyowani yekuchengetedza simba tekinoroji munyika.Electrochemical energy

kuchengetedza kunonyanya kuenderana ne lithium-ion mabhatiri.Pakupera kwa2021, iyo yakawedzera yakaiswa simba rekuchengetedza simba idzva munyika yapfuura 25 miriyoni.

kilowatts, iyo chikamu chemusika che lithium-ion mabhatiri chasvika 90%.Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekukura kukuru kwemotokari yemagetsi, iyo inopa a

yakakura-yakakura yekutengesa application mamiriro e electrochemical simba rekuchengetedza zvichibva pane lithium-ion mabhatiri.

Nekudaro, lithium-ion bhatiri rekuchengetedza simba tekinoroji, semhando yebhatiri remotokari, harisi dambudziko rakakura, asi pachave nematambudziko mazhinji kana zvasvika

inotsigira grid-level-yenguva refu yekuchengetedza simba.Imwe idambudziko rekuchengetedza uye mutengo.Kana mabhatiri e-lithium ion akaiswa pamwero mukuru, mutengo uchawanda,

uye kuchengetedzwa kunokonzerwa nekuunganidza kupisa zvakare injodzi huru yakavanzika.Imwe yacho ndeyekuti lithium zviwanikwa zvishoma, uye mota dzemagetsi hadzina kukwana,

uye kudiwa kwekuchengetedza simba kwenguva refu hakugone kuwanikwa.

Nzira yekugadzirisa sei matambudziko aya echokwadi uye ekukurumidzira?Iye zvino masayendisiti mazhinji akatarisisa tekinoroji yekuchengetedza simba rekupisa.Mabhindauko akaitwa mukati

tekinoroji yakakodzera uye tsvagiridzo.

Muna Mbudzi 2022, European Commission yakazivisa chirongwa chekuhwina mubairo we "EU 2022 Innovation Radar Award", umo "AMADEUS"

bhatiri chirongwa chakagadziridzwa nechikwata cheMadrid Institute of Technology muSpain chakahwina mubairo weEU Best Innovation muna 2022.

"Amadeus" ishanduko yebhatiri modhi.Iyi purojekiti, ine chinangwa chekuchengetedza huwandu hwakawanda hwesimba kubva kusimba rinodzoreredzwa, yakasarudzwa neEuropean

Komisheni seimwe yeakanakisa zvigadzirwa muna 2022.

Iri rudzi rwebhatiri rakagadzirwa nechikwata chesainzi cheSpain rinochengeta simba rakawandisa rinogadzirwa kana simba rezuva kana remhepo rakakwira muchimiro chesimba rinopisa.

Kupisa uku kunoshandiswa kupisa chinhu (silicon alloy inodzidzwa muchirongwa ichi) kusvika kunopfuura 1000 degrees Celsius.Iyo system ine yakakosha mudziyo ine iyo

thermal photovoltaic plate yakatarisana nechomukati, iyo inogona kusunungura chikamu chesimba rakachengetwa apo simba rinodiwa rakakwirira.

Vatsvakurudzi vakashandisa fananidzo kutsanangura maitirwo acho: “Zvakafanana nokuisa zuva mubhokisi.”Hurongwa hwavo hunogona kushandura kuchengetedza kwesimba.Iine simba guru reku

kuzadzisa chinangwa ichi uye chave chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, izvo zvinoita kuti chirongwa che "Amadeus" chibude kubva pamapurojekiti anopfuura mazana matatu akaunzwa.

uye akahwina mubairo weEU Best Innovation Award.

Murongi weEU Innovation Radar Award akatsanangura kuti: “Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti inopa sisitimu yakachipa inogona kuchengetedza huwandu hwesimba re

nguva refu.Iine simba rakanyanya kusimba, kushanda kwepamusoro kwese, uye inoshandisa zvakakwana uye zvisingadhuri zvinhu.Iyo modular system, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, uye inogona kupa

kupisa kwakachena nemagetsi pazvinodiwa.”

Saka, teknolojia iyi inoshanda sei?Ndeapi ari emangwana ekushandisa mamiriro uye kutengeserana tarisiro?

Kuzvitaura zviri nyore, iyi sisitimu inoshandisa simba rakawandisa rinogadzirwa nepakati pesimba rinodzokororwa (senge simba rezuva kana simba remhepo) kunyungudutsa simbi dzakachipa,

sesilicon kana ferrosilicon, uye tembiricha yakakwira kupfuura 1000 ℃.Silicon alloy inogona kuchengetedza huwandu hukuru hwesimba mune yayo fusion maitiro.

Rudzi urwu rwesimba runonzi "latent heat".Semuenzaniso, litre yesilicon (inenge 2.5 kg) inochengetedza anopfuura 1 kilowatt-awa (1 kilowatt-awa) yesimba muchimiro.

yekupisa kwakadzikama, iro chairo simba riri murita rehydrogen pa500 bar pressure.Zvisinei, kusiyana nehydrogen, silicon inogona kuchengetwa pasi pemhepo

kudzvinyirira, izvo zvinoita kuti sisitimu idhure uye yakachengeteka.

Chinokosha chegadziriro inzira yekushandura kupisa kwakachengetwa kuita simba remagetsi.Kana silicon ichinyunguduka patembiricha inodarika 1000 º C, inopenya sezuva.

Nokudaro, masero e photovoltaic anogona kushandiswa kushandura kupisa kunopisa kuva simba remagetsi.

Iyo inonzi thermal photovoltaic jenareta yakafanana neminiature photovoltaic device, iyo inogona kuunza simba rakapetwa ka100 kupfuura mashizha emagetsi ezuva.

Mune mamwe mazwi, kana imwe sikweya mita ye solar panel inoburitsa 200 watts, imwe square mita ye thermal photovoltaic panels inoburitsa 20 kilowatts.Uye kwete chete

iyo simba, asiwo kutendeuka kushanda kwakakwirira.Kushanda kwemafuta ekupisa photovoltaic masero ari pakati pe30% ne40%, zvinoenderana nekupisa.

yenzvimbo inopisa.Kusiyana neizvi, kubudirira kwekutengeserana photovoltaic solar panels iri pakati pe15% ne20%.

Kushandiswa kwemafuta ekupisa photovoltaic jenareta panzvimbo yemagetsi echinyakare anopisa anodzivirira kushandiswa kwezvikamu zvinofamba, zvinwiwa uye zvakaoma kupisa zvinopisa.Nenzira iyi,

iyo yese system inogona kuve yehupfumi, compact uye isina ruzha.

Maererano netsvagiridzo, latent thermal photovoltaic masero anogona kuchengetedza huwandu hwakakura hwesimba rinogonekazve.

Alejandro Data, munzveri aitungamirira chirongwa ichi, akati: “Magetsi akawanda aya achagadzirwa kana pane akawandisa mukugadzirwa kwesimba remhepo nemhepo.

saka ichatengeswa nemutengo wakaderera kwazvo mumusika wemagetsi.Zvakakosha kuchengetedza magetsi akawandisa aya muhurongwa hwakachipa.Zvine chirevo chikuru ku

chengetedza magetsi asara mumhando yekupisa, nekuti ndiyo imwe yenzira dzakachipa dzekuchengeta simba.

2. Inodhura ka40 kudarika lithium-ion bhatiri

Kunyanya, silicon uye ferrosilicon inogona kuchengetedza simba nemutengo usingasviki 4 euros pa kilowatt-awa, iyo yakachipa ka100 kupfuura ikozvino yakatarwa lithium-ion.

bhatiri.Mushure mekuwedzera mudziyo uye insulation layer, iyo yakazara mutengo ichave yakakwirira.Nekudaro, maererano nekudzidza, kana iyo system yakakura zvakakwana, kazhinji yakawanda

kupfuura 10 megawatt maawa, ingangosvika pamutengo we10 euros pa kilowatt awa, nekuti mutengo wekupisa wekupisa uchave chikamu chidiki chese.

mutengo wehurongwa.Nekudaro, mutengo welithium bhatiri ungangoita 400 euros pa kilowatt-awa.

Rimwe dambudziko rinotarisana nehurongwa uhu nderekuti chikamu chidiki chete chekupisa chakachengetwa chinodzoserwa kumagetsi.Chii chinonzi kutendeuka kushanda zvakanaka mukuita uku?Ungaita sei

shandisa yasara kupisa simba ndiro dambudziko guru.

Zvisinei, vatsvakurudzi veboka racho vanodavira kuti aya haasi matambudziko.Kana iyo system yakachipa zvakakwana, chete 30-40% yesimba inoda kudzoserwa muchimiro che

magetsi, ayo achaita kuti vave vakakwirira kune mamwe matekinoroji anodhura, senge lithium-ion mabhatiri.

Uye zvakare, iyo yakasara 60-70% yekupisa isina kushandurwa kuita magetsi inogona kuendeswa zvakananga kune zvivakwa, mafekitori kana maguta kuderedza marasha uye zvisikwa.

kushandiswa kwegasi.

Kupisa kunodarika 50% yesimba repasi rose rinodiwa uye 40% yepasi rose carbon dioxide emissions.Nenzira iyi, kuchengetedza mhepo kana photovoltaic simba mune latent

thermal photovoltaic masero haangogone chete kuchengetedza yakawanda yemitengo, asi zvakare kusangana nehukuru hwekupisa kudiwa kwemusika kuburikidza nezviwanikwa zvinogoneka.

3. Matambudziko uye tarisiro yeramangwana

Iyo nyowani yekupisa photovoltaic thermal yekuchengetedza tekinoroji yakagadzirwa nechikwata cheMadrid University of Technology, iyo inoshandisa silicon alloy zvinhu, ine.

zvakanakira mumutengo wezvinhu, tembiricha yekuchengetera kupisa uye nguva yekuchengetedza simba.Silikoni ndiyo yechipiri yakanyanya kuwanda muvhu.Mutengo

patani yejecha resilica inongova 30-50 madhora, inova 1/10 yezvakanyungudutswa munyu.Mukuwedzera, iyo yekupisa yekuchengetedza tembiricha musiyano we silica jecha

zvimedu zvakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura zvemunyu wakanyungudutswa, uye tembiricha yekushanda yakanyanya inogona kusvika kupfuura 1000 ℃.Higher kushanda tembiricha zvakare

inobatsira kuvandudza simba rose rekushanda kwe photothermal power generation system.

Datus's team haisi iyo yega inoona kukwanisa kwemasero ekupisa photovoltaic.Vane makwikwi maviri ane simba: ane mukurumbira Massachusetts Institute of

Tekinoroji uye iyo California kutanga-up Antola Energy.Iyo yekupedzisira inotarisa pakutsvagisa nekuvandudzwa kwemabhatiri makuru anoshandiswa muindasitiri inorema (hombe

fossil mafuta mutengi), uye akawana US $50 miriyoni yekupedzisa tsvagiridzo muna Kukadzi gore rino.Bill Gates 'Breakthrough Energy Fund akapa mamwe

mari yekudyara.

Vatsvagiri veMassachusetts Institute of Technology vakati yavo inopisa photovoltaic cell modhi yakakwanisa kushandisa zvakare 40% yesimba rinoshandiswa kupisa.

zvinhu zvemukati zveprototype bhatiri.Vakatsanangura kuti: “Izvi zvinogadzira nzira yekushanda zvakanyanya uye kudzikiswa kwemutengo wekuchengetedza simba rekupisa,

zvichiita kuti zvibvire kuchenesa gidhi remagetsi. "

Iyo purojekiti yeMadrid Institute of Technology haina kukwanisa kuyera huwandu hwesimba yainokwanisa kudzoreredza, asi yakakwirira kune yeAmerican modhi.

mune chimwe chimiro.Alejandro Data, muongorori akatungamira chirongwa ichi, akatsanangura kuti: "Kuti tikwanise kuita izvi, chirongwa cheMIT chinofanira kusimudza tembiricha

2400 madhigirii.Bhatiri redu rinoshanda pa1200 degrees.Panguva iyi tembiricha, kugona kunenge kwakadzikira pane yavo, asi isu tine mashoma mashoma ekupisa kupisa matambudziko.

Mushure mezvose, zvakaoma kuchengeta zvinhu pa2400 madhigirii pasina kukonzera kupisa. "

Ehe, tekinoroji iyi ichiri kuda mari yakawanda isati yapinda mumusika.Ikozvino laboratory prototype ine isingasviki 1 kWh yekuchengetedza simba

kugona, asi kuti tekinoroji iyi iite pundutso, inoda inodarika 10 MWh yesimba rekuchengetedza simba.Naizvozvo, dambudziko rinotevera nderekuwedzera chiyero che

tekinoroji uye edza kugona kwayo pamwero mukuru.Kuti uite izvi, vaongorori kubva kuMadrid Institute of Technology vanga vachivaka zvikwata

kuti zviitike.